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Concordat of 1933 : ウィキペディア英語版 | Concordat of 1933
==Concordat details==
This concordat regulates church-state relation in Austria, with particular emphasis on Catholic schools and religious education. It has since been supplemented by further agreements, such as one concerning schools.〔(), Contract between the Republic of Austria and the Holy See (July 9, 1962)〕 The concordat was negotiated by Cardinal Eugenio Pacelli (later pope Pius XII) for the Holy See and Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss with his Foreign Minister, Kurt Schuschnigg, for Austria. It was signed on 5 July 1933 and came into force on 1 May 1934. The concordat was essentially incorporated into the new constitution by which the Catholic Church, through the "Christian corporative state" (Ständestaat) greatly increased its influence, especially in regard to schools, marriage laws and Church appointments.〔("Konkordat" aeiou, Technische Universität Graz ) 〕 After the Anchluss in 1938 the concordat was out of force until the end of World War II. There followed a long controversy about its validity until it was officially recognised by the Austrian Government in 1957.〔(Österreichisches Konkordat, Wilhelm Rees ) 〕 As with other concordats negotiated by Pacelli, it involves the state's acceptance of the 1917 Code of Canon Law, of which he was the main architect. The Code gave the Holy See control over the appointment of bishops and other prelates, and ensured that it had the final word in matters of Church policy and doctrine.〔(), Catholicism and Democracy: A Reconsideration Edward Bell Brescia University College at the University of Western Ontario Journal of Religion and Society, volume 10, 2008.〕 This is reflected in the provisions of the Austrian concordat. Like the Reichskonkordat, which Pacelli also negotiated, the Austrian one contains a Secret Supplement.〔(Concordat text with Secret Supplement ) 〕
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